24-Jun-2020: Dr Harsh Vardhan releases Annual TB Report 2020
Dr Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare released the annual TB Report 2020, in the presence of Shri Ashiwni Kumar Choubey, MOS (HFW), through a virtual event. They also released a Joint Monitoring Mission (JMM) report, a manual on Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to TB patients under NIKSHAY system, a Training Module, and the quarterly newsletter NIKSHAY Patrika.
The key achievements listed in the Report include:
- Around 24.04 Lakh TB patients have been notified in 2019. This amounts to a 14% increase in TB notification as compared to the year 2018.
- Achieving near-complete on-line notification of TB patients through the NIKSHAY system.
- Reduction in the number of missing cases to 2.9 lakh cases as against more than 10 lakhs in 2017.
- Private sector notifications increased by 35% with 6.78 lakh TB patients notified.
- Due to easy availability of molecular diagnostics, the proportion of children diagnosed with TB increased to 8% in 2019 compared to 6% in 2018.
- Provision of HIV testing for all notified TB patients increased from 67% in 2018 to 81% in 2019.
- Expansion of treatment services has resulted in a 12% improvement in the treatment success rate of notified patients. For 2019 it is 81% compared to 69% in 2018.
- More than 4.5 lakh DOT Centers provide treatment covering almost every village across the country.
- NIKSHAY also expanded the provision of four Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT) schemes of the programme –
- Nikshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) to TB patients
- The incentive to Treatment Supporters
- Incentive to Private Providers and
- Transport incentive to TB patients in the notified tribal areas
Releasing the Annual TB Report, Dr Harsh Vardhan commended the collective efforts of all who were involved in this task. “The Government of India under the dynamic leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji is committed to achieving the SDG goal of eliminating TB in the country by 2025, five years ahead of the Global Target. To align with the ambitious goal, the programme has been renamed from Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) to National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP)’, he stated.
“As captured in the Annual report, there has been commendable achievement on various parameters of TB Control in the country. The ranking will surely encourage all the States/UTs to improve their performance to attain their targets. Early accurate diagnosis followed by prompt appropriate treatment is vital for ending TB. The National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) has expanded both the laboratory network as well as diagnostic facilities to cover the entire country. To End TB by 2025, expansion of TB services and addressing determinants of TB that are beyond health, through a multi-sectoral approach is necessary. All these efforts are yielding significant results.”
Highlighting the crucial aspect of stigma against TB patients in the country, which is hampering the fight against this disease, Dr Harsh Vardhan said, “We as a nation, need to come together, to fight against TB and the stigma surrounding it so that every TB patient can seek care with dignity and without discrimination. The community must act as a wellspring of support and comfort for the patient.”
Underscoring the crucial contribution that the private sector can make to the national TB programme by mandatory TB notification and providing quality TB care, he added that with both collaborative and regulatory steps, the country has notified 6,64,584 TB patients in 2019 in the private sector which amounts to a 22% increase in TB notification as compared to the year 2018.
“The salient feature of this year is that for the first time Central TB Division (CTD) introduced a quarterly ranking on TB elimination efforts by all the states and UTs. Treatment linkage of drug resistant TB patients, HIV testing of TB patients, Nutritional assistance to TB patients in the form of NIKSHAY Poshan Yojana (DBT), Universal Drug Susceptibility Testing (UDST) coverage among notified TB patients, TB Preventive Therapy (TPT) coverage and Financial expenditure are included in the assessment criteria”, the Health Minister highlighted.
Shri Ashwini Kumar Choubey, Minister of State, Health and Family Welfare said, “The Government has already incorporated a community-based response for TB as one of the key strategies to reach the unreached and to support TB patients in the course of their illness. Towards this end, over 700 TB Forums have been established at the State/UT and District level involving all stakeholders. These TB Forums will provide a multi-sectoral and community-led response to addressing the challenge of TB.”
In the categories of larger states with more than 50 lakh population, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh were awarded as best performing States. In the category of smaller states with less than 50 lakh population, Tripura and Nagaland were awarded. In the category of Union Territory, Dadara and Nagar Haveli, and Daman & Diu were chosen as the best performers.
26-Jul-2022: Average life expectancy at birth improved by 20 years
As per the latest report titled Sample Registration System (SRS) based Abridged Life Table 2015-19 published by the Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India, the average life expectancy at birth has increased from 49.7 during 1970-75 to 69.7 during the year 2015-19 registering an increase of 20 years during this period.
As per the SRS Report 2019 published by the Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India, the country has experienced notable improvement in child mortality by reducing the Under Five Mortality Rate (Per 1,000 live births) from 45 in the year 2014 to 35 in the year 2019. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Govt. of India provides support to States/UTs in the implementation of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health and Nutrition (RMNCAH+N) Strategy under National Health Mission (NHM) based on the Annual Programme Implementation Plan (APIP) submitted by the States/UTs for improving the overall health of the children in the country.
Some of the key interventions of Government of India are Facility Based New-born Care, Community Based care of New-born and Young Children, Mothers’ Absolute Affection (MAA) Programme, Social Awareness and Actions to Neutralize Pneumonia Successfully (SAANS) Initiative, Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakaram (RBSK), Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs), Intensified Diarrhea Control Fortnight / Defeat Diarrhea (D2) Initiative, Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) Strategy, etc.
13-Mar-2020: Average Life Expectancy
As per the report titled SRS Based Life Table 2013-17 published by the Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India, the average life expectancy at birth has increased from 49.7 during 1970-75 to 69.0 in 2013-17, registering an increase of 19.3 years during this period. As per the same report, the life expectancy at birth for male and female during 2013-17 were 67.8 and 70.4 years respectively. The State/UT-wise details are provided at Annexure. However, State/UT-wise average life expectancy of male and female in the rural and urban areas of the country may also be accessed from the report SRS Based Life Table 2013-17 available at the portal of Census of India ( http://censusindia.gov.in/).
A cross-sectional multi-centric community based study of elderly population aged 60 years and above conducted jointly by the Government of India and WHO Country Office in India has revealed that diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, poor vision, difficulty in hearing, anaemia, arthritis, fall/fractures, bowel complaints, urinary complaints, depression, weight loss, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, TB etc. are common among older patients.
Recognizing the need for specialized accessible health care for the elderly, the Government of India has launched various programmes, including the National Programme for Health Care of Elderly (NPHCE) and Integrated Programme for Older Persons such as Ayushman Bharat. These programmes aim to provide health care facilities to senior citizens (aged 60 years and above) at primary, secondary and tertiary health care delivery system and to further increase the average life expectancy of people. The Government of India has also enacted ‘Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007’.
The measures taken/proposed by the Government of India for providing better health services to ensure healthy life and to further improve the average life expectancy of the people in the country are as follows:
- Mobilization of public health action at multiple levels
- The Ayushman Bharat effort, with its two components of Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) and Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), addresses disparity in access and reduces out of pocket expenditure for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization for 40% of India’s population. The scheme provides hospital care for about 1,350 illnesses at secondary and tertiary level empanelled public and private hospitals. HWC encourages healthy choices and behaviours including Yoga and other physical activities.
- National Health Mission (NHM) is creating a network of 1,50,000 HWCs by upgrading existing Sub Centres (SCs) and Primary Health Centres (PHCs) to provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC), which is universal and free to all those who access public health facilities. The CPHC basket of services cover 12 key service areas, which go beyond the Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) services to include screening and care for NCDs (diabetes, high blood pressure, oral, breast, cervical cancers etc.), elderly care, palliative and rehabilitative care, Oral, Eye and ENT care, mental health and first level care for emergencies and trauma etc.
- Continuum of care is being provided to all elderly citizen of age above 60 years from preventive and promotive up to rehabilitation in Geriatric units of District Hospital, Community Health Centres and Primary Health Centres under National programme for Healthcare of Elderly (NPHCE).
- Palliative care is being provided to terminal cases of Cancer, AIDS etc. under National programme for Palliative Care (NPPC).
- Providing financial support in the form of untied funds, annual maintenance grants and Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS) funds for development of health facilities and ensuring services.
- Providing infrastructural support to State/UTs in constructing new health facilities and/or for up-gradation of infrastructure, Mother & Child Health (MCH) wings, up-gradation of the trauma centres & First Referral Units, Operationalization of the blood banks etc.
- Operationalizing health facilities in rural areas (through placement of human resources in difficult areas, supply of equipment, drugs and diagnostics).
- In addition, certain new initiatives have been undertaken like the Screening for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs), Mothers Absolute Affection (to promote exclusive breastfeeding), Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (to improve access to specialist maternal care through voluntary participation of private providers), Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Program, Mission Indradhanush (to immunise partially or uncovered population), Rashtriya Swasthya Bal Karyakram (RBSK), Kayakalp (to promote cleanliness, hygiene and Infection Control Practices in public Health Care Facilities), Labour room quality improvement initiative- LAQSHYA (Initiative to reduce preventable maternal and new-born mortality, morbidity and stillbirths associated with the care around delivery in Labour room and Maternity OT and ensure respectful maternity care), Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) (to end all preventable maternal and neonatal deaths) etc.
Expectation of Life at Birth by Sex and Area of Residence, India and Bigger States/UT’s, 201 3-17
|
India & bigger States/UTs |
Total |
Rural |
Urban |
||||||
|
Total |
Male |
Female |
Total |
Male |
Female |
Total |
Male |
Female |
|
|
India* |
69 |
67.8 |
70.4 |
67.7 |
66.4 |
69 |
72.4 |
71.2 |
73.7 |
|
Andhra Pradesh |
69 .7 |
68 .3 |
71 .2 |
68.4 |
66.8 |
70.3 |
72.6 |
71.8 |
73.4 |
|
Assam |
66.2 |
65.4 |
67.3 |
65.1 |
64.2 |
66.1 |
73 |
72.5 |
73.8 |
|
Bihar |
68.9 |
69.2 |
68.6 |
68.5 |
68.8 |
68.2 |
71.7 |
72 |
71.4 |
|
Chhattisgarh |
65.2 |
63.8 |
66.6 |
64.3 |
63 |
65.5 |
68.8 |
67.1 |
70.8 |
|
NCT of Delhi |
74.7 |
73.3 |
76.3 |
71.8 |
70 |
- |
74.9 |
73.4 |
76.5 |
|
Gujarat |
69.7 |
67.6 |
72 |
68.2 |
65.3 |
71.5 |
71.8 |
70.8 |
72.9 |
|
Haryana |
69.7 |
67.6 |
72.3 |
68.7 |
66.5 |
71.4 |
71.6 |
69.6 |
74.1 |
|
Himachal Pradesh |
72.6 |
69.8 |
75.6 |
72.2 |
69.3 |
75.4 |
77.1 |
75.1 |
79.7 |
|
Jammu & Kashmir |
74.1 |
72.1 |
76.7 |
73 |
71.1 |
75.4 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Jharkhand |
68.6 |
68.8 |
68.4 |
67.7 |
68 |
67.3 |
72 |
71.7 |
72.4 |
|
Karnataka |
69.2 |
67.7 |
70.8 |
67.5 |
65.9 |
69.3 |
72.5 |
71.4 |
73.6 |
|
Kerala |
75.2 |
72.5 |
77.8 |
75.3 |
72.4 |
78.1 |
75.1 |
72.5 |
77.5 |
|
Madhya Pradesh |
66 |
64.2 |
67.9 |
64.7 |
62.8 |
66.8 |
70.1 |
68.7 |
71.8 |
|
Maharashtra |
72.5 |
71.2 |
73.9 |
71 |
69.9 |
72.2 |
74.4 |
72.8 |
76.3 |
|
Odisha |
68.4 |
67.1 |
69.9 |
67.7 |
66.4 |
69.4 |
71.7 |
71 |
72.5 |
|
Punjab |
72.4 |
71 |
74 |
71.4 |
70.1 |
72.9 |
74.1 |
72.4 |
76.6 |
|
Rajasthan |
68.5 |
66.3 |
70.9 |
67.5 |
64.9 |
70.3 |
71.8 |
71.2 |
72.6 |
|
Tamil Nadu |
71.7 |
69.9 |
73.7 |
70.2 |
68.3 |
72.1 |
73.4 |
71.6 |
75.4 |
|
Uttar Pradesh |
65 |
64.3 |
65.6 |
63.9 |
63.2 |
64.7 |
68.5 |
68.1 |
68.9 |
|
Uttarakhand |
71 |
68 |
74.2 |
70.6 |
67.3 |
74.2 |
71.8 |
69.9 |
74 |
|
West Bengal |
71.2 |
70.4 |
72.2 |
70.2 |
69.1 |
71.3 |
73.4 |
72.9 |
74.1 |
23-Sep-2022: India achieves significant landmarks in reduction of Child Mortality
In a significant milestone, India has achieved landmark achievement in further reduction of child mortality rates. As per the Sample Registration System (SRS) Statistical Report 2020 released on 22nd September 2022 by Registrar General of India (RGI), the country has been witnessing a progressive reduction in IMR, U5MR and NMR since 2014 towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) targets by 2030.
Union Health and Family Welfare Minister, Dr Mansukh Mandaviya congratulated the nation on this achievement and thanked all health workers, caregivers and community members for relentlessly working towards reducing child mortality. “There has been sustained decline since 2014, as revealed by SRS 2020. India is poised to meet 2030 SDG targets of child mortality under leadership of Hon. Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji with focused interventions, strong Centre-State partnership and dedication of all health workers”, he stated.
|
INDICATOR |
SRS 2014 |
SRS 2019 |
SRS 2020 |
|
Crude Birth Rate (CBR) |
21.0 |
19.7 |
19.5 |
|
Total Fertility Rate |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
|
Early Neonatal Mortality Rate (ENMR) – 0- 7 days |
20 |
16 |
15 |
|
Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) |
26 |
22 |
20 |
|
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) |
39 |
30 |
28 |
|
Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) |
45 |
35 |
32 |
Following a steady downward trend, IMR, U5MR and NMR have further declined:
- Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) for the country has shown significant decline of 3 points (Annual Decline Rate: 8.6%) from 2019 (32 per 1000 live births in 2020 against 35 per 1000 live births in 2019). It varies from 36 in rural areas to 21 in urban areas.
- U5MR for Female is higher (33) than male (31). There has been a decline of 4 points in male U5MR and 3 points in female U5MR during the corresponding period.
- Highest decline of U5MR is observed in the State of Uttar Pradesh (5 points) and Karnataka (5 points)
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) has also registered 2-point decline to 28 per 1000 live births in 2020 from 30 per 1000 live births in 2019 (Annual Decline Rate: 6.7%).
- The Rural-Urban difference has narrowed to 12 points (Urban 19, Rural-31).
- No gender differential has observed in 2020 (Male -28, Female - 28).
- Neonatal Mortality Rate has also declined by 2 points from 22 per 1000 live births in 2019 to 20 per 1000 live births in 2020 (Annual Decline Rate: 9.1%). It ranges from 12 in urban areas to 23 in rural areas.
As per SRS 2020 Report
- Six (6) States/ UT have already attained SDG target of NMR (<=12 by 2030): Kerala (4), Delhi (9), Tamil Nadu (9), Maharashtra (11), Jammu & Kashmir (12) and Punjab (12).
- Eleven (11) States/UT have already attained SDGs target of U5MR (<=25 by 2030): Kerala (8), Tamil Nadu (13), Delhi (14), Maharashtra (18), J&K (17), Karnataka (21), Punjab (22), West Bengal (22), Telangana (23), Gujarat (24), and Himachal Pradesh (24).