19-Jun-2020: Skeletal remains of a child found at Tamil Nadu’s Keezhadi excavation site
Skeletal remains of a child were excavated from Konthagai village, part of the sixth phase of ongoing excavations in the ancient site of Keezhadi.
Excavations are currently taking place at Keezhadi, Konthagai, Manalur and Agaram villages in Sivaganga district. Konthagai village, located around 2 km from Keezhadi, is believed to be a burial site.
Keezhadi excavation site is a Sangam period settlement that is being excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India. This site is located southeast of Madurai, in Tamil Nadu, near the town of Keezhadi in Sivaganga district. The settlement lies on the bank of the Vaigai River and reflects the ancient culture of Tamil people.
19-Sep-2019: Sangam civilization older than thought
Six carbon samples collected from Keezhadi, the Sangam-era site, have been found to belong to 580 BC, according to accelerator mass spectrometry dating results from the Beta Analytic Lab in the US. This suggests that the urbanisation of Vaigai plains happened earlier than thought - around the 6th century BC.
The archaeology department had collected six carbon samples at a depth of 353 cm during the fourth phase of excavations at the Keezhadi site and sent them to the Beta Analytic Lab in Miami for accelerator mass spectrometry dating. The department recently got the results from the lab, which proved that the Keezhadi samples could be dated between the 6th century BC and 1st century AD.
Recent scientific findings at Keezhadi also prove that the Tamil Brahmi script originated in the 6th century BC. People were either literate or at least knew the art of writing as early as the 6th century BC.
A large number of inscribed potsherds next to a graffiti were found to be in Tamil Brahmi. As many as 56 Tamil Brahmi inscribed potsherds were recovered from the excavations. The features found in Keezhadi are older in date.
The Tamil Brahmi letters were found in shoulder portions of the earthen vessels. These letters were inscribed when the pot was wet or after the pot became dry. This clearly suggests literacy levels in the 6th century BC.
The 70 samples of skeletal fragments collected from the site were sent to the Deccan College, a research institute in Pune, for analysis. The results showed they were of cow/ox, buffalo, sheep, goat, nilgai, blackbuck, wild boar and peacock. The species such as ox, cow, buffalo, goat were used for agriculture. The cut marks found on the skeletal remains of goat and wild boar suggested that they were consumed. The report suggested that people then mainly depended on agriculture and cattle rearing.
The bricks, lime mortar, roof tiles and binding materials collected from the structural remains at the spot were sent to the Vellore Institute of Technology for scientific material analysis. The results revealed that every specimen contained elements like silica, lime, ferrous, aluminum and magnesium. The brick and roof tiles contained more than 80% silica mixed with 7% lime while lime plaster possessed 97% of lime. The materials found at the site were strong and of a good quality.
A 13-metre long wall was excavated from the site. Well-laid floors along with roof tiles in a collapsed state were found at the site. The iron nails were fastened to the poles and rafters proving that the wooden poles must have been placed over the roof. The roof tiles contained finger groove impressions to drain water. Such activities prove a high standard of living during the Sangam age.
18-Jun-2020: Kodumanal dig throws light on megalithic burial rituals
The burial site has been unearthed at Kodumanal village in Erode district, Tamil Nadu.
The Kodumanal excavation of 10 pots and bowls, instead of the usual three or four pots, placed outside three-chambered burial cists and inside the cairn-circle, has thrown light on burial rituals and the concept of afterlife in megalithic culture.
The rectangular chambered cists, each two metres long and six metres wide, are made of stone slabs, and the entire grave is surrounded by boulders that form the circle.
Believing that the deceased person will get a new life after death, pots and bowls filled with grains were placed outside the chambers.
Previous excavations have revealed that multi-ethnic groups lived in the village, located about 500 metres away from the Noyyal river.
Earlier excavations also revealed that the site served as a trade-cum-industrial centre from 5th century BCE to 1st century BCE.
Findings unearthed so far include an animal skull, possibly of a wolf or a dog; precious stones like beryl, carnelian, quartz, jasper, beads, gold pieces and needles; copper smelting units; the mud walls of a workshop; potteries; and Tamil Brahmi script.
24-Feb-2020: 4,000 year old crafts village unearthed
A nearly 4,000-year-old urban settlement has been unearthed by a team of surveyors from the Banaras Hindu University (BHU), which experts say could be one of the craft villages mentioned in ancient texts.
The University’s Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology, did the preliminary survey of the site in Babhaniyav village which is about 13 km from Varanasi. The site at Babhaniyav could be a small sub-centre of Varanasi which grew as an urban town.
Such crafts villages have been earlier unearthed in Sarnath, Tilmapur, Ramnagar and other areas, Babhaniyav is an addition.
They have also found a pillar with a two-line text in Kushan-Brahmi script which makes the findings at least 3,500-4,000 years old.