1-Feb-2023: Global Report on Neglected Tropical Diseases
Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)
- Group of infections that are common in marginalized communities in developing regions
- Caused by various pathogens
- Common in tropical areas with poor sanitation
- Receives less funding than other diseases
- Examples: snakebite envenomation, scabies, yaws, trachoma, Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, etc.
Highlights of the Report
- 16 countries account for 80% of global NTD burden
- Nearly 1.65 billion people need treatment for at least one NTD
- Covid-19 impacted community-based initiatives and healthcare access and as a result 34% fewer people received NTD treatment in 2020.
Recommendations
- More investments needed to reach NTD road map targets by 2030
- Multi-sectoral collaboration and partnerships essential
- Additional partners and funders needed
Global Initiatives
- WHO's New Roadmap for 2021-2030 in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
- The Blueprint recommends following measures,
- From measuring process to measuring impact.
- From disease-specific planning and programming to collaborative work across sectors.
- From externally driven agendas reliant to programmes that are country-owned and country-financed.
- London Declaration on NTDs (2012) to recognise the global burden of NTDs.
Indian Initiatives to Eliminate NTDs
- Accelerated Plan for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (APELF) launched in 2018
- Regional alliance with Bangladesh and Nepal, supported by WHO in 2005 to expedite early diagnosis and treatment of the most vulnerable populations and improve disease surveillance and control of sandfly populations (Kala-azar).
- India has already eliminated guinea worm, trachoma, and yaws
- Preventive methods like Mass Drug Administration and vector control measures used to prevent sandfly breeding.
- Morbidity management and disability prevention supported for those affected by lymphoedema and hydrocele.
- Wage compensation schemes introduced for Kala-Azar and its sequela(a condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury) known as Post-Kala Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis.