28-Jan-2023: Scientists have developed Artificial Synapse for Brain-Like Computing or Neuromorphic Computing.
Artificial Synapse for Brain-Like Computing or Neuromorphic Computing:
- Developed by scientists at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research.
- Uses scandium nitride (ScN) as a semiconducting material.
- ScN provides stable, Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible optoelectronic synaptic functionalities.
- Mimics synapse that controls signal transmission and remembers signals.
- Potential to be translated into an industrial product.
Working Mechanism
- Millions of artificial neurons in Artificial Neural Network model (ANN).
- Neurons pass signals in layers.
- Convert input to output through electric spikes or signals based on architecture of Spiking Neural Networks (SNN).
- Mimics neuro-biological networks in human brain.
- Performs tasks such as visual recognition and data interpretation.
Significance of Neuromorphic computing
- Revolutionary concept in realm of Artificial Intelligence.
- Provides better technology and rapid growth in computer engineering.
- Advanced process of information processing.
- Enables computers to work with better and bigger technology.
Expectations
- Brain-like computing can meet escalating computational demands in the era of artificial intelligence.
- Opens doors to better technology and more efficient data processing.
Traditional Computers vs. Human Brain
- Physically separated memory storage and processing units in traditional computers.
- Enormous energy and time required to transfer data between units.
- Human brain is a smaller and more efficient biological computer.
- Presence of synapse allows for processor and memory storage in one unit.