Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoWR)

21-Mar-2022: Water Treaty/Agreement

Government of India has signed water treaties/ agreement with our neighbouring countries in the past for mutual benefits in the field of water resources. Indus Waters Treaty was signed in the year 1960 with Pakistan concerning the use of waters of the Indus system of rivers. The Treaty extends to main rivers of Indus basin i.e. Sutlej, Beas, Ravi (Eastern rivers) and Jhelum, Chenab and Indus (Western rivers) including their tributaries and sub tributaries and other water bodies. All the waters of the Eastern Rivers were allocated to India for her unrestricted use while India is under obligation to let flow all the waters of the Western Rivers, except for the domestic, non-consumptive and other uses permitted in the Treaty.

A Treaty has been signed with Nepal in the year 1996, viz. Mahakali Treaty concerning Integrated Development of the Mahakali River (known as river 'Sarda' in India), including Sarda Barrage, Tanakpur Barrage and Pancheshwar Project. In addition, Kosi Agreement, 1954 (amended in December, 1966) and Gandak Agreement, 1959 (amended in April, 1964) were signed with Nepal for construction of Kosi Project and Gandak Project respectively.

Ganga / Ganges Waters sharing Treaty was signed with Bangladesh in the year 1996 for sharing of Ganga/Ganges waters at Farakka. As per the Treaty, the Ganga/Ganges waters is being shared at Farakka (which is the last control structure on river Ganga in India) during lean period, from 1st January to 31st May every year, on 10-day period basis as per the formula provided in the Treaty.

No proposal is pending with the Government to have such water treaty/agreements with the neighbouring countries in the coming days.

21-Mar-2022: Initiatives taken for Water Conservation

Water being a state subject the projects on water conservation are planned, funded, executed and maintained by the State Governments. Government of India supplements the efforts of the States through technical and financial assistance to them through various schemes and programmes.

Water conservation initiatives are taken up by the Central Government on continuous basis and are covered under various schemes and programmes such as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Atal Bhujal Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY), Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), Unified Building Bye Laws (UBBL) of Delhi, 2016, Model Building Bye Laws (MBBL), 2016, Urban and Regional Development Plan Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) Guidelines, 2014 etc.

In order to boost water conservation and rain water harvesting in the country, Ministry of Jal Shakti has taken up a nationwide campaign “Jal Shakti Abhiyan - Catch the Rain” (JSA:CTR) with the theme “Catch the rain, where it falls, when it falls” for creating appropriate rainwater harvesting structures in urban and rural areas of all the districts in the country, with people's active participation, during the pre-monsoon and monsoon periods during 22.03.2021 to 30.11.2021.

States/ UTs have been advised to enable Rural Local Bodies/Panchayats to utilise 15th Finance Commissions grants to take up rooftop rain water harvesting in Government buildings like panchayat, bhawans, anganwadis, Primary Health Centres etc. Master Plan for Artificial Recharge to Groundwater- 2020 has been prepared which envisages construction of about 1.42 crore rain water harvesting and artificial recharge structures in the country. Government organises workshops, seminars/webinars, awards etc. and encourage people to become active participants for water conservation and rainwater harvesting. Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) has advised all States/UTs to take measures to promote/adopt artificial recharge to ground water /rain water harvesting. National Water Policy (2012) advocates water conservation and rainwater harvesting.

10-Feb-2022: New irrigation technology

Water resources projects are planned, funded, executed, and maintained by the State Governments themselves as per their own resources and priorities. Role of Government of India is limited to providing technical support and, in some cases, partial financial assistance under the existing schemes implemented by the Ministry of Jal Shakti.

In order to supplement the efforts of the State Governments, Government of India has taken many important initiatives for widespread promotion of technological advancements in irrigation. Use of remote sensing for monitoring of projects including ground water table estimation & cropped area assessment, SCADA based systems for irrigation, micro irrigation, underground pipelines for distribution, precision-irrigation, use of technology in watershed and spring shed development for integrated development of rainfed areas through soil & water conservation including regeneration of ground water & arresting runoff, and use of solar pumps for ground water based irrigation in favorable regions, are some such measures through which technology is being promoted in irrigation by Government of India.

As per the data for 2018-19 provided by Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, percentage of net un-irrigated area over net area sown in the country is estimated to be about 48.65%. Further, it is estimated that 40% of the net sown area is expected to remain rainfed even after attainment of full irrigation potential of the country. Augmentation of irrigation is to be taken up by State Governments as per availability of resources and priorities. Government of India provides catalytic, technical and financial support to the State Governments, for the same.

In order to supplement the efforts of the State Governments, Government of India has taken many important initiatives for irrigation and water conservation, the key amongst which are given below :

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) was launched during the year 2015-16, with an aim to enhance physical access of water on farm and expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, improve on-farm water use efficiency, introduce sustainable water conservation practices, etc.

PMKSY is an umbrella scheme, consisting of two major components implemented by this Ministry, namely, Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP), and Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP). HKKP, in turn, consists of four sub-components, being Command Area Development & Water Management (CAD&WM), Surface Minor Irrigation (SMI), Repair, Renovation and Restoration (RRR) of Water Bodies, and Ground Water (GW) Development component.

In addition, PMKSY also consists of two components being implemented by Ministries other than Jal Shakti Ministry. Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) component is being implemented by Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, while Watershed Development component (WDC) is being implemented by Department of Land Resources.

Achievement made during last three years (2018-2021) in different components of PMKSY, are tabulated below.

Sl. No.	Scheme	Achievements made in last 3 years (2018-2021)
1.	AIBP with pari-passu implementation of CADWM	Creation of 10.575 lakh hectare irrigation potential. 15 projects have been reported as completed during this period.
2.	SMI	An irrigation potential of about 0.95 lakh hectare is reported to be created.
3.	RRR	A potential of 0.42 lakh hectare has been created.
4.	GW	An additional area of 35.44 thousand hectare has been brought under irrigation through ground water.
5.	PDMC	32.68 lakh hectare has been covered under micro irrigation
6.	WDC	1.49 lakh hectare has been brought under plantation, and 3.28 lakh hectare wasteland has been made culturable.

In 2019, Jal Shakti Abhiyan was launched by the Government of India. This was followed in 2021, by “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch The Rain” (JSA:CTR) campaign. Focused interventions under these annual campaigns taken up by the Government of India and the State Governments, inter-alia, include renovation of traditional and other water bodies/ tanks, enumeration, geo-tagging and making inventory of all water bodies, and removal of encroachments of tanks/lakes, and de-silting of tanks.

Since its launch till date, under JSA:CTR about 10.64 lakh water conservation and rain water structures have been completed, 1.79 lakh number of traditional water bodies have been renovated, 5.13 lakh reuse and recharge structures have been completed, and 15.32 lakh water bodies have been enumerated.

Government of India has launched the first Census of water bodies in convergence with the Sixth round of Minor Irrigation Census (reference year 2017-18), under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme – “Irrigation Census”. The objective of the Census of Water bodies is to develop a national database for all water bodies in the country.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS) has provisions for public works relating to natural resource management, water conservation and water harvesting structures to augment and improve ground water like underground dykes, earthen dams, stop dams, check dams and roof top rain water harvesting structures in public buildings.

10-Feb-2022: Review of Irrigation projects

Further, for a major or medium irrigation project to be considered for financial assistance under any of the ongoing schemes of this Ministry, its acceptance by the Advisory Committee on Irrigation, Flood Control and Multipurpose Projects, and subsequent investment clearance on recommendations by the Investment Clearance Committee of this Ministry, is required.

Identified major and medium irrigation projects are being provided financial assistance under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana – Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme, with pari passu implementation of Command Area Development and Water Management scheme being implemented by this Ministry. State-wise details of major and medium irrigation projects presently under implementation with financial assistance under PMKSY-AIBP with pari passu implementation of CADWM, including those from Maharashtra, are placed at Annexure.

For the above referred projects, implementing State Governments are mandated to address the monitoring and redressal mechanisms to ensure maintenance and quality control of irrigation projects implemented by them. Further, the projects are regularly monitored by Central Water Commission, as well as by a dedicated Project Management Unit (PMU) under this Ministry. Physical and financial progress of these projects is also monitored through a dedicated dashboard, backed with a Management Information System maintained by Ministry of Jal Shakti.

Apart from the above, implementation and progress of the projects is also monitored at the highest level in this Ministry. Secretary, Department of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti takes project-wise periodic reviews of physical and financial progress of the projects and actions to be taken by the various State Governments are finalized for early resolution of issues. Review meetings are also held from time to time at the level of Hon’ble Minister, Jal Shakti.

In addition, a special cell for monitoring of the bottlenecks, and grievances pertaining to the projects receiving financial assistance under PMKSY-AIBP, has been provisioned. Also, third party evaluation of completed projects is also to be undertaken by this Ministry on sample basis.

Major and medium irrigation projects under implementation with financial assistance under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana – Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme, with pari passu implementation of Command Area Development & Water Management, including those from Maharashtra:

S.No	State	Project
1	Andhra Pradesh	Gundlakamma Project
2		Tadipudi LIS
3		Thotapally Project
4		Musurumilli Project
5		Pushkara LIS
6		Yerracalva Project
7		Tarakaram Teerta sagaram Project
8	Assam	Dhansiri Project
9		Borolia Project
10	Bihar	Durgawati Project
11		Punpun Project
12	Chhattisgarh	Kelo Project
13	Goa	Tillari Project
14	Gujarat	Sardar Sarovar Project
15	Jharkhand	Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project
16	Karnataka	Upper Tunga Irrigation Project
17		NLBC System Project (New)
18	Kerala	Muvattupuzha Project
19		Karapuzha Project
20	Madhya Pradesh	Omkareshwar Project Canal Phase-II (RBC km. 9.70 to km 65.50)
21		Omkareshwar Project Canal Phase-III (RBC km. 65.50 to km 142)
22		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – II (km. 63 to km 104)
23		Indira Sagar Project Canal Phase - III (km. 143 to km. 206)
24		Pench Project
25		Indira Sagar Project Canal Phase - IV (km. 206 to km. 243)
26		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – III (km. 104 to km 154)
27		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – IV (km. 154 to km 197)
28	Maharashtra	Tillari Project
29		Waghur Project
30		Lower Wardha Project
31		Bembla Project
32		Tarali Project
33		Arjuna Project
34		Aruna Project
35		Krishna Koyana Lift Project
36		Gadnadi Project
37		Sangola Branch Canal Project
38		Morna (Gureghar) Project
39		Lower Pedhi Project
40		Wang Project
41		Nardave (Mahamadwadi) Project
42		Kudali Project
43		Upper Pen Ganga Project
44		Gosikhurd Project
45	Manipur	Thoubal Project
46	Odisha	Subarnarekha Project
47		Anandpur Barr. Ph.-I / Integrated Anandpur Barr. Project
48		Kanupur Project
49	Telangana	Palemvagu Project
50		Peddavagu @ Neelwai Project
51		SRSP St.II
52		Sri Komaram Bheem Project
53		Rajiv Bheema L.I. Scheme
54		Peddavagu Project @ Jagannathpur
55		Indiramma Flood Flow Canal Project
56		J. Chokha Rao LIS
57	Uttar Pradesh	Arjun sahayak Project
58		Madhya Ganga canal PH-II
59		Saryu Nahar Pariyojana
60	UT - Ladakh	Prakachik Khows Canal Project

21-Mar-2022: Water Treaty/Agreement

No proposal is pending with the Government to have such water treaty/agreements with the neighbouring countries in the coming days.

21-Mar-2022: Initiatives taken for Water Conservation

10-Feb-2022: New irrigation technology

In order to supplement the efforts of the State Governments, Government of India has taken many important initiatives for irrigation and water conservation, the key amongst which are given below :

Achievement made during last three years (2018-2021) in different components of PMKSY, are tabulated below.

Sl. No.	Scheme	Achievements made in last 3 years (2018-2021)
1.	AIBP with pari-passu implementation of CADWM	Creation of 10.575 lakh hectare irrigation potential. 15 projects have been reported as completed during this period.
2.	SMI	An irrigation potential of about 0.95 lakh hectare is reported to be created.
3.	RRR	A potential of 0.42 lakh hectare has been created.
4.	GW	An additional area of 35.44 thousand hectare has been brought under irrigation through ground water.
5.	PDMC	32.68 lakh hectare has been covered under micro irrigation
6.	WDC	1.49 lakh hectare has been brought under plantation, and 3.28 lakh hectare wasteland has been made culturable.

10-Feb-2022: Review of Irrigation projects

S.No	State	Project
1	Andhra Pradesh	Gundlakamma Project
2		Tadipudi LIS
3		Thotapally Project
4		Musurumilli Project
5		Pushkara LIS
6		Yerracalva Project
7		Tarakaram Teerta sagaram Project
8	Assam	Dhansiri Project
9		Borolia Project
10	Bihar	Durgawati Project
11		Punpun Project
12	Chhattisgarh	Kelo Project
13	Goa	Tillari Project
14	Gujarat	Sardar Sarovar Project
15	Jharkhand	Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project
16	Karnataka	Upper Tunga Irrigation Project
17		NLBC System Project (New)
18	Kerala	Muvattupuzha Project
19		Karapuzha Project
20	Madhya Pradesh	Omkareshwar Project Canal Phase-II (RBC km. 9.70 to km 65.50)
21		Omkareshwar Project Canal Phase-III (RBC km. 65.50 to km 142)
22		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – II (km. 63 to km 104)
23		Indira Sagar Project Canal Phase - III (km. 143 to km. 206)
24		Pench Project
25		Indira Sagar Project Canal Phase - IV (km. 206 to km. 243)
26		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – III (km. 104 to km 154)
27		Bargi Diversion Project Phase – IV (km. 154 to km 197)
28	Maharashtra	Tillari Project
29		Waghur Project
30		Lower Wardha Project
31		Bembla Project
32		Tarali Project
33		Arjuna Project
34		Aruna Project
35		Krishna Koyana Lift Project
36		Gadnadi Project
37		Sangola Branch Canal Project
38		Morna (Gureghar) Project
39		Lower Pedhi Project
40		Wang Project
41		Nardave (Mahamadwadi) Project
42		Kudali Project
43		Upper Pen Ganga Project
44		Gosikhurd Project
45	Manipur	Thoubal Project
46	Odisha	Subarnarekha Project
47		Anandpur Barr. Ph.-I / Integrated Anandpur Barr. Project
48		Kanupur Project
49	Telangana	Palemvagu Project
50		Peddavagu @ Neelwai Project
51		SRSP St.II
52		Sri Komaram Bheem Project
53		Rajiv Bheema L.I. Scheme
54		Peddavagu Project @ Jagannathpur
55		Indiramma Flood Flow Canal Project
56		J. Chokha Rao LIS
57	Uttar Pradesh	Arjun sahayak Project
58		Madhya Ganga canal PH-II
59		Saryu Nahar Pariyojana
60	UT - Ladakh	Prakachik Khows Canal Project

2021

20-Dec-2021: Traditional modes of water conservation

Central as well State Governments implement various measures of water conservation in rural and tribal areas of the country viz. watershed development activities like creation and renovation of traditional water bodies, check dams, farm ponds, desilting of tanks, gully plugs, trenches etc. and improving water use efficiency in agriculture by crop diversification & using efficient irrigation methods.

Though no common portal exists, the information regarding various methods of water conservation is disseminated through electronic & print media as well as by Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities of the Government. Recently, National Water Mission, Ministry of Jal Shakti has implemented “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch The Rain” (JSA: CTR) campaign with the theme "Catch the rain, where it falls, when it falls”, mainly to conserve rain water with active participation of people in all districts (rural as well as urban areas) in the country, during the pre-monsoon and monsoon period, i.e. from 22nd March 2021 to 30th November 2021. One of the focused interventions of the campaign included setting up of ‘Jal Shakti Kendras’ in every district of the country. All the State Governments have been requested to set up ‘Jal Shakti Kendras’ in every district headquarters as a part of the campaign. ‘Jal Shakti Kendras’ (JSK) are to act as “knowledge centers” for disseminating information related to water conservation techniques and provides technical guidance to people. As per information available on ‘Jal Shakti Abhiyan : Catch the Rain’ portal (jsactr.mowr.gov.in), 291Jal Shakti Kendras have been set up in various States/UTs so far (as on 17.12.2021).

Traditional methods of water conservation and rain water harvesting in the country varies from area to area depending upon the topography, climatic conditions, soil structure, etc. Government of India encourages the best practices on traditional methods of conservation of water and disseminates it with a view to bringing awareness and replication in other areas. As per information available on ‘Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain’ portal (jsactr.mowr.gov.in), about 2.83 lakh traditional water bodies are renovated in various States/UTs so far (as on 17.12.2021).

Water being a State subject, water conservation projects are planned, funded, executed and maintained by the State Governments as per their own resources and priorities. Government of India augments the efforts of the State Governments by providing technical and financial assistance to them through various schemes and programmes like National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal); Watershed Development Management; Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY); Finance Commission Grants, 'Jal Shakti Abhiyan : Catch the Rain'; National Project on Aquifer Management (NAQUIM); Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), Repair, Renovation and Restoration (RRR) of water bodies, etc.

The schemes/projects implemented by various Central Government Ministries/Departments are applicable for North-Eastern region as well, which facilitates protection and conservation of water. Specifically, North-Eastern Council Secretariat has supported a number of projects for conservation of water, such as, rain water harvesting, construction of water catchment areas across the North-Eastern States.

25-Mar-2021: New Irrigation Techniques

Water resources development & management are planned, funded, executed and maintained by the State Governments themselves as per their own resources and priorities. In order to supplement the efforts of the State Governments, Government of India provides technical and financial assistance to State Governments to encourage sustainable development and efficient management of water resources through various schemes and programmes.

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) was launched during 2015-16 by the Central Government with the following components, Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme (AIBP), Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP), Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) and Watershed Development (WD).

PMKSY is strategize by focusing on end-to end solution in irrigation supply chain, viz. water sources, distribution network, efficient farm level applications, extension services on new technologies & information etc. PMKSY focuses on irrigation techniques by, among others,

Promoting efficient water conveyance and field application devices within the farm viz, underground piping system, Drip & Sprinklers, pivots, rain-guns and other application devices etc.;
Promotion of scientific moisture conservation and run off control measures to improve ground water recharge so as to create opportunities for farmer to access recharged water through shallow tube/dug wells,
Creation of new water sources; repair, restoration and renovation of defunct water sources; construction of water harvesting structures, secondary & micro storage, groundwater development, enhancing potentials of traditional water bodies at village level.
Use of Underground Pipelines (UGPL) in the Distribution Network of the projects has been actively promoted for increasing the water conveyance efficiency and overcoming the issues related to Land Acquisition, evaporative/ percolation losses etc.

During 2016-17, ninety-nine (99) on-going Major/ Medium irrigation projects (and 7 phases) in the country having balance estimated cost of Rs.77,595 crore (Central Assistance- Rs.31342.50 crore) under PMKSY-AIBP have been prioritized in consultation with States for completion in phases. Funding mechanism has been approved by the Government for providing Central and State Share under Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) through NABARD. Out of which, AIBP works of 44 projects have been reported to be completed/ almost completed and an additional irrigation potential of 21.45 lakh hectare has been reported to be created by these projects. During 2016-17 to 2019-20, Central Assistance (CA) of Rs.11489.31 crore has been released for these projects.

The HKKP- Command Area Development and Water Management (CADWM) program has been taken up with objectives of utilize Irrigation Potential Created (IPC) under the project soon after its creation; improve water use efficiency; increase agricultural productivity & production; and bring sustainability in the irrigated agriculture in a participatory environment. Out of the 99 prioritized AIBP projects, 88 projects have been included under the ongoing CADWM program targeting Culturable Command Area (CCA) of 45.08 lakh Ha. at an estimated cost of Rs.18799 crore with targeted CA of Rs.8271.00 crore. Total Central Assistance amounting to Rs.2678 crore has been released from 2016-17 till date. As per information provided by the States, about 14.85 lakh Ha CCA has been developed with the reported expenditure of Rs.5302.00 crore. Under CADWM Scheme, States are also encouraged to use the underground pipeline network instead of conventional field channels. The implementation of Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) is also being promoted through CADWM.

The Surface Minor Irrigation (SMI) and Repair, Renovation and Restoration (RRR) of Water Bodies schemes have multiple objectives like expanding cultivable area under assured irrigation, improving water use efficiency, ground water recharge, improvement and restoration of water bodies thereby increasing the tank storage capacity and revival of lost irrigation potential, increased availability of drinking water, improvement of catchment of tank commands etc.

During 2017-20, under the SMI scheme, CA of Rs.2158.665 crore has been released to States with an achievement of 1.201 Lakh Ha irrigation potential. Further, since 12th plan onwards, 3399 schemes have been reported to be completed upto March, 2020. During 2017-20, under RRR Scheme, Rs.169.24 crore has been released to States with an achievement of 0.5283 Lakh Ha irrigation potential. Further, since 12th plan onwards, 1465 water bodies have been reported to be completed upto March, 2020.

Central Ground Water Board is implementing innovative schemes for Aquifer Rejuvenation under ‘Ground Water Management and Regulation’ scheme in select overexploited blocks of the Aspirational districts on pilot basis. Water Harvesting and Recharge Augmentation are completed as a pilot project through construction of Bridge cum Bhandaras in districts of Wardha and Amravathi in Maharashtra. Further, a joint Action Plan has been prepared with the Ministry of Rural development for effective implementation of water conservation and artificial recharge structures in convergence with Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS).

Ground Water Irrigation component of PMKSY-HKKP aims to provide financial assistance to States to provide assured ground water irrigation for small and marginal farmers, in rain-fed areas. Schemes is applicable only in areas having stage of ground water development less than 60%, average rainfall more than 750 mm rainfall and with shallow ground water levels (less than 15 m bgl). The scheme is effectively launched in 2019-20, after revision of operational guidelines of the scheme. So far, 15 projects in 12 States have been sanctioned with an estimated cost of Rs.1719.55 crore.

Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers’ Welfare is implementing Per Drop More Crop component of PMKSY. It mainly focuses on water use efficiency at farm level through precision/micro irrigation. Besides promoting precision irrigation (Drip and Sprinkler Irrigation System) and better on-farm water management practices to optimize the use of available water resources, this component also supports micro level water storage or water conservation/management activities to supplement micro irrigation. During 2015-16 to till date, cumulative amount of Rs. 14051.02 crore has been released to States with an achievement of 53.69 Lakh Ha coverage of Micro irrigation.

National Water Mission (NWM) has taken up Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain and Sahi Fasal campaigns for water conservation. “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain” is under implementation in all districts, rural as well as urban areas, of the country with the main theme “Catch the Rain, where it falls, when it falls”. The period of the campaign is from 22nd March, 2021 to 30th November, 2021 – the pre-monsoon and monsoon period in the country. Hon’ble Prime Minister launched “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain” – 2021 campaign on 22.03.2021 with a view to take water conservation at grass-root level through people’s participation to accelerate water conservation across the country.

‘Sahi Fasal’ campaign was launched by NWM on 14.11.2019 to nudge farmers in the water stressed areas to grow crops which are not water intensive, but use water very efficiently; and are economically remunerative; are healthy and nutritious; suited to the agro-climatic- hydro characteristics of the area; and are environmentally friendly.