Nobel Prize

Nobel Prize 2019

Field	Awardee & Rationale
Physics	Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 was awarded "for contributions to our understanding of the evolution of the universe and Earth's place in the cosmos". One half to James Peebles "for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology", the other half jointly to Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz "for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star."
Chemistry	John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino "for the development of lithium-ion batteries."
Physiology or Medicine	William G. Kaelin Jr, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza "for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability."
Literature	Peter Handke "for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience."
Peace	Abiy Ahmed Ali "for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea."
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences	Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty."

Nobel Prize 2018

Nobel Prize 2018

Field	Awardee & Rationale
Physics	Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 was awarded "for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics". One half to Arthur Ashkin "for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems", the other half jointly to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland "for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses."
Chemistry	One half awarded to Frances H. Arnold "for the directed evolution of enzymes", the other half jointly to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter "for the phage display of peptides and antibodies."
Physiology or Medicine	James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation."
Literature	Olga Tokarczuk "for a narrative imagination that with encyclopedic passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life."
Peace	One half to Denis Mukwege "for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict" and other half to Nadia Murad "for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict."
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences	William D. Nordhaus "for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis" and Paul M. Romer "for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis."

Nobel Prize 2017

Nobel Prize 2017

Field	Awardee & Rationale
Physics	Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne - for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves.
Chemistry	Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, Richard Henderson - for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.
Physiology or Medicine	Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young - for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm.
Literature	Kazuo Ishiguro - "who, in novels of great emotional force, has uncovered the abyss beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world"
Peace	International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) - for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons.
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences	Richard H. Thaler - for his contributions to behavioural economics.

Nobel Prize 2016

Nobel Prize 2016

Field	Awardee & Rationale
Physics	One half awarded to David J. Thouless, the other half jointly to F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Kosterlitz "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter."
Chemistry	Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard L. Feringa "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines."
Physiology or Medicine	Yoshinori Ohsumi "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy."
Literature	Bob Dylan "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition."
Peace	Juan Manuel Santos "for his resolute efforts to bring the country's more than 50-year-long civil war to an end."
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences	Oliver Hart and Bengt Holmström for their contributions to contract theory.